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Currently different pathologies or disorders related to sleep has been recognized. Sleep medicine creates great interest of many health professionals such as pneumologists, otolaryngologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, nurses, speech therapists, physiotherapists and dentists surgeons.
Dentistry is highlighting within multidisciplinary teams, especially regarding the treatment of sleep respiratory disorders and sleeping bruxism.
Respiratory sleep disorders include the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (SAOS) and the superior airway resistance syndrome (srvas) and are characterized by a narrowing and / or closing of the upper airway. A good diagnosis is necessary and for this an examination in the sleep laboratory, called polysomsomography (PSG), is of fundamental importance, both at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. The most common signs and symptoms are snoring, daydreaming, diurnal drowsiness and the presence of respiratory pauses during sleep. Loss of cognitive functions, such as concentration, attention, memory and mood alterations, as irritability, depression and anxiety, can be found. In addition, this fragmented sleep, due to the presence of recurring awakenings, increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
SAOS is very frequent, being its estimated prevalence in 32% of the adult population. We found as a clinical treatment modality the intraoral (Aios) (Figure 1), also called mandibular feed appliances, and positive pressure appliances (CPAP) (Figure 2). Intraoral devices are retained by the teeth, used during sleep and aims to mechanically carry the jaw and the tongue forward, aiming to increase the volume of the upper airway. AIs are a great alternative clinical treatment, non-invasive, promotes favorable results in a short period of time. Because they are simple, portable and do not require electricity, they are often easily acceptable by patients.
As for sleep bruxism its prevalence is 7.5% of the adult population and is defined as a rhythmic activity of the chewing muscles characterized by squeeze from the teeth. Its etiology is multifactorial and is associated with factors related to the central nervous system.
In addition to the diagnosis of sleep bruxism to be carried out by the polysomnography examination, clinical diagnosis can be initiated by history outlet and clinical evaluation by approaching the most common signs, symptoms and frequency, such as: Dental noises. The treatment of sleep bruxism can be divided into three large groups: behavioral, intraoral appliances (acrylic bite plates) and medicated.
Prepared by: Dr. Milton Maluly Filho – Technical Supervisor Clínica Odontológica Omint Unit Berrini – CRO: 38955
UnitBerrini – CRO: 10732
Technical Responsible: Dr. Milton Maluly Filho – CRO: 38955
Unit Vila Omint – CRO 5623
Technical Responsible: Dr. Maurício Bellonzi Abissamra – CRO: 40238
